Understanding Vitamin B12 | What is Sublingual B12 | Benefits | Cyanocobalamin vs. Methylcobalamin | Sublingual B12 vs. Injections | High vs. Low Vitamin B12 | Who Might Need Sublingual B12 | Popular Supplements | Wrapping Up | Warnings And Side Effects | Disclaimer
Do you ever feel like you’re running on fumes? Fatigue, weakness, and brain fog can significantly impact our daily lives. Often, these symptoms point to a deficiency in a crucial vitamin: B12. Vitamin B12 plays a vital role in keeping our energy levels high, our moods balanced, and our nervous systems functioning optimally. Unfortunately, B12 deficiency is surprisingly common, and traditional oral supplements might not always be the most effective solution.
This is where sublingual B12, particularly methylcobalamin, steps in. It offers a faster and potentially more efficient way to boost your B12 levels. Let’s delve deeper into the world of sublingual B12 and methylcobalamin, exploring their benefits, who might need them most, and how to take them safely and effectively.
Understanding Vitamin B12: Forms, Functions, and Absorption
Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is a crucial water-soluble vitamin that plays a key role in red blood cell formation, neurological function, and DNA synthesis. Since the body cannot produce B12 on its own, it must be obtained through diet or supplementation. Understanding the different forms of B12 and how it is absorbed can help ensure optimal intake and prevent deficiencies. (1)
Vitamin B12 exists in several forms, with the most common being:
Cyanocobalamin – A synthetic form often found in supplements and fortified foods. It is stable and cost-effective but requires conversion in the body to become active.†
Methylcobalamin – A naturally occurring, active form of B12 that supports neurological function and methylation processes.†
Adenosylcobalamin – Another bioavailable form primarily used in cellular energy production.†
Hydroxocobalamin – A form commonly used for B12 injections, known for its longer retention in the body.†
How Is Vitamin B12 Absorbed? The Role of Intrinsic Factor
For B12 to be absorbed efficiently, it requires a protein called intrinsic factor, which is produced in the stomach. (1) The process works as follows:
B12 binds to proteins in food.†
Stomach acid and enzymes release B12 from food proteins.†
Intrinsic factor binds to free B12 in the small intestine.†
The B12-intrinsic factor complex is absorbed in the ileum (the last part of the small intestine).†
Certain conditions, such as pernicious anemia, gastric bypass surgery, and chronic digestive issues, can reduce intrinsic factor production, leading to B12 deficiency. In such cases, B12 injections or high-dose sublingual supplements may be necessary to bypass absorption barriers.†
Dietary Sources of Vitamin B12
Since B12 is primarily found in animal products, the best food sources include: (1)
Eggs†
Meat (beef, chicken, pork)†
Fish and shellfish (salmon, tuna, clams)†
Dairy products (milk, cheese, yogurt)†
For those who don’t consume enough B12-rich foods, fortified cereals, plant-based milks, and supplements like cyanocobalamin or methylcobalamin can help meet daily needs.†
What is Sublingual B12?
Unlike traditional B12 supplements that you swallow, sublingual B12 comes in liquid drops, lozenges, or tablets designed to dissolve under your tongue. This unique delivery method offers a distinct advantage: bypassing the digestive system. (2)
Our digestive system plays a crucial role in absorbing nutrients from food. However, for B12, this process can be a bit complex and inefficient. In the stomach, B12 needs to bind with a protein called intrinsic factor for proper absorption in the small intestine. Unfortunately, some individuals may not produce enough intrinsic factors, hindering B12 uptake. (3)
This is where sublingual B12 shines. By placing it under your tongue, the B12 is absorbed directly through the membranes in the mouth. This bypasses the digestive system entirely, allowing faster and more efficient absorption into the bloodstream. (2)
Sublingual B12 often comes in the form of methylcobalamin, a specific type of B12 readily utilized by the body for various functions. (4) We’ll discuss methylcobalamin and other popular sublingual B12 options in more detail later.
Benefits of Sublingual Methylcobalamin B12:
Now that we understand how sublingual B12 bypasses the digestive system for better absorption, let’s explore its potential benefits. Methylcobalamin, the most common form of B12 found in sublingual supplements, plays a vital role in several bodily functions:
Enhanced Energy Levels and Reduced Fatigue: B12 is often associated with energy production, as it helps convert food into usable fuel. While it doesn’t act as a stimulant, maintaining sufficient B12 levels can help reduce fatigue and weakness, making it a popular addition to hangover recovery supplements.(5,6,7)
Improved Mood and Cognitive Function: B12 also supports the health of your nervous system and brain function. Studies suggest that B12 deficiency can contribute to mood swings, depression, and difficulty concentrating. Sublingual B12 supplementation may help improve mood, cognitive function, and overall mental well-being. (6,8,9)
Potential Benefits for Nerve Health and Red Blood Cell Production: B12 plays a key role in maintaining a healthy nervous system. It is necessary for myelin formation, the protective coating around nerves that ensures proper signal transmission. A deficiency can lead to nerve damage, resulting in neuropathy—a condition marked by tingling, numbness, or weakness in the hands and feet. (5,6,9)
B12 and Cardiovascular Health: B12 helps regulate homocysteine levels, an amino acid linked to heart disease. Elevated homocysteine is associated with a higher risk of hypertension (high blood pressure), stroke, and heart attack. Maintaining adequate B12 levels may support cardiovascular health by keeping homocysteine in check. (10,11)
An additional benefit of sublingual B12 is its potential to be particularly helpful for individuals with absorption issues.
Cyanocobalamin vs. Methylcobalamin:
While sublingual B12 offers a convenient way to boost your B12 levels, you might encounter two main types when browsing supplement options: methylcobalamin and cyanocobalamin. Let’s delve into the key differences between these forms:
Methylcobalamin:
Methylcobalamin is the naturally occurring form of vitamin B12 found in food sources like meat, fish, and dairy. It is a bioactive form of B12, meaning it is directly usable by the body without needing any conversion. Since it’s already in an active form, methylcobalamin is immediately available for the body’s processes. It plays a vital role in maintaining the health of nerve cells and is particularly effective in supporting neurological function. (4)
Additionally, methylcobalamin is crucial for the methylation process, which is essential for DNA synthesis and energy production. This form aids in the detoxification process by helping to eliminate homocysteine, a potentially harmful amino acid linked to cardiovascular issues. When taken sublingually, methylcobalamin is absorbed more efficiently, bypassing the digestive system and entering the bloodstream directly. (4)
Cyanocobalamin:
On the other hand, cyanocobalamin is a synthetic form of vitamin B12, commonly used in many traditional B12 supplements and fortified foods. This form contains a cyanide molecule, which the body must remove through a detoxification process before it can be converted into an active form. Cyanocobalamin is very stable and has a long shelf life, making it a common choice for fortified foods and standard oral supplements. (12)
It is often less expensive than methylcobalamin, making it a more accessible option for those on a budget. However, once ingested, cyanocobalamin must be converted into either methylcobalamin or adenosylcobalamin (another active form of B12) to be used by the body. This conversion process can be less efficient, especially for individuals with certain metabolic or digestive issues. People with reduced intrinsic factor production or certain genetic polymorphisms may have difficulty converting cyanocobalamin effectively. (4)
Choosing the Right Form:
For sublingual B12 supplements, methylcobalamin is generally the preferred choice due to its direct absorption and utilization by the body. However, cyanocobalamin can still be an effective option, especially if you have normal B12 absorption.†
Sublingual B12 vs. Injections: Weighing Your Options
While sublingual B12 offers a convenient and potentially faster route to boost your B12 levels, injections remain a common approach for treating B12 deficiency. Here’s a breakdown of both methods to help you understand which might be right for you:
Sublingual B12:
B12 Injections:
Delivery:
Under the tongue.
Injected directly into a muscle.
Convenience:
Easy to take at home.
Highly effective for treating severe B12 deficiency.
Absorption:
Faster & more efficient than oral supplements.†
Less frequent dosing schedule
Dosage:
May require more frequent dosing.
Requires a doctor’s visit or a trained professional for administration.
Cost:
Generally less expensive than injections.
More costly than sublingual B12.
Choosing the Right Method:
The best method for you depends on several factors, including:
Severity of B12 Deficiency: For severe deficiency, injections might be the preferred initial treatment due to their guaranteed absorption.†
Absorption Issues: Sublingual B12 can be a good alternative if you have digestive disorders that hinder B12 absorption.†
Needle Aversion: If you’re uncomfortable with needles, sublingual B12 offers a more convenient and painless option.†
Doctor’s Recommendation: Ultimately, consult your doctor to determine the most appropriate treatment approach based on your individual needs and medical history.†
Remember: Both sublingual B12 and injections can be effective ways to address B12 deficiency. Discuss your options with your doctor to create a personalized plan for achieving optimal B12 levels and improving your overall health. (2,12)
High vs. Low Vitamin B12 Levels: What Do They Mean?
Vitamin B12 levels in the body can provide important insights into overall health. Both elevated and low B12 levels can signal underlying issues, and understanding these variations can help in identifying potential health concerns.
High Vitamin B12 Levels: Should You Be Concerned?
While excess B12 from food or supplements is generally excreted in the urine, abnormally high B12 levels (hypercobalaminemia) in blood tests may indicate: (13)
Liver Disease – The liver stores B12, and conditions like hepatitis, cirrhosis, or liver cancer can cause a release of stored B12 into the bloodstream.†
Kidney Disease – Since B12 is water-soluble, kidney dysfunction may prevent proper excretion, leading to elevated levels.†
Blood Disorders – Conditions such as leukemia or polycythemia vera can increase B12 levels due to abnormal blood cell production.†
Excessive Supplementation – High-dose B12 supplements or injections can temporarily spike blood levels but are usually harmless in healthy individuals.†
Although high B12 levels are rarely dangerous on their own, persistently elevated levels should be evaluated by a healthcare provider to rule out underlying conditions.
Low Vitamin B12 Levels: Symptoms and Causes
On the other hand, low B12 levels (cobalamin deficiency) can lead to a range of symptoms, including: (1)
Fatigue and weakness†
Tingling or numbness in the hands and feet (neuropathy)†
Memory issues, brain fog, and confusion†
Pale or jaundiced skin†
Shortness of breath and dizziness†
Depending on the severity of the B12 deficiency, addressing it often requires dietary changes, high-dose oral supplements, or injections.
Hangovers and B12
Many people turn to B12 supplements after a hangover, as vitamin B12 is known to support energy production and help alleviate fatigue. Alcohol consumption can interfere with the absorption and metabolism of several nutrients, including B12. Chronic drinking may also lead to lower intrinsic factor production, which is necessary for B12 absorption in the gut. (14,15)
Taking B12 after a hangover may help replenish the body’s stores and support recovery by enhancing energy levels and reducing fatigue. However, while B12 can aid in hangover recovery, the best strategy is to drink in moderation and ensure your B12 intake is consistently adequate through diet or supplementation. (14,15)
Who Might Need Sublingual B12?
While sublingual B12 offers potential benefits for everyone, certain individuals may find it particularly advantageous due to their increased risk of B12 deficiency or limitations with traditional oral supplements. Here are some groups who might benefit most from sublingual B12:
People with Diagnosed B12 Deficiency: If you have a confirmed B12 deficiency through blood tests, sublingual B12 can be a convenient and effective way to replenish your B12 stores. (4,5,7)
Vegetarians and Vegans: Vitamin B12 is naturally found in animal products. Vegetarians, especially vegans who exclude all animal products, are at a higher risk of B12 deficiency. Sublingual B12 can ensure they get the B12 their bodies need. (4,5,7)
Individuals with Digestive Disorders: Conditions like Crohn’s disease, celiac disease, or chronic gastritis can affect B12 absorption in the digestive tract. Sublingual B12 bypasses these issues, delivering B12 directly into the bloodstream. (4,5,7)
People Over 50: As we age, our ability to produce intrinsic factors, the protein needed for B12 absorption, naturally declines. Sublingual B12 can be a helpful option to maintain healthy B12 levels. (4,5,7)
Individuals Taking Metformin: People taking metformin for diabetes should be aware of its impact on B12 levels. Long-term use of metformin can reduce B12 absorption, increasing the risk of deficiency. Regular B12 testing and supplementation may be necessary for those on metformin therapy. (4,5,7)
It’s important to note that this list is not exhaustive. If you suspect you might have a B12 deficiency or have any underlying health conditions, it’s crucial to consult a healthcare professional before starting sublingual B12. They can assess your individual needs and recommend the appropriate course of action.
Popular Supplements:
With the growing awareness of sublingual B12 benefits, numerous brands offer various options. Here’s a glimpse into some popular choices:
Form:
Dosage:
Size:
Lozenges
1,000 mcg, 5,000 mcg, 10,000 mcg
60,100,120
Veg Capsules
5,000 mcg
90
How To Take NOW Methyl B12:
1,000 mcg Lozenges: Take 1 lozenge 1 to 2 times daily. Chew the lozenge or hold it in your mouth until dissolved and swallow.
5,000 mcg Lozenges: Take 1 lozenge daily with a meal. Chew the lozenge or hold it in your mouth until dissolved and swallow.
5,000 mcg Veg Capsules: Take one capsule daily.
10,000 mcg Lozenges: Take 1 lozenge daily. Chew the lozenge or hold it in your mouth until dissolved and swallow.
Form:
Dosage:
Size:
Quick Dissolve Tablet
5,000 mcg
300
How To Take Kirkland B12:
The manufacturers recommend dissolving one tablet daily under the tongue for 30 seconds, then swallowing.
Form:
Dosage:
Size:
Vegetarian Lozenges
500 mcg, 1 g, 5 g
60,100
How To Take Life Extension B12:
The manufacturers recommend dissolving in the mouth or chewing one (1) lozenge daily or as a healthcare practitioner recommends.
Form:
Dosage:
Size:
Quick Dissolve Tablet
2500mcg
300
How To Take Nature’s Bounty B12:
The manufacturers recommend dissolving one (1) quick-dissolve tablet daily. Place the tablet under the tongue for 30 seconds before swallowing.
Form:
Dosage:
Size:
Chewable Tablet
1000mcg
100
How To Take Jarrow Formulas Methyl B12:
The manufacturers recommend taking one chewable tablet once daily or as directed by your qualified healthcare professional.
Wrapping Up!
This marks the end of our blog on Sublingual B12. Thank you for reading! And as always, if there is something that isn’t clear, another question you might have, or if you have another idea for a blog, email us!
Meanwhile, if you are looking for more to read, check out some of our other blogs!
Warnings And Side Effects:
For adults only. Consult a physician if pregnant/nursing, taking medication, or having a medical condition. Keep out of reach of children.
Disclaimer:
†Please note the intention of the information provided is for reference only. Furthermore, we are in no way providing medical advice or instruction. Instead, the information provided in this guide/blog utilizes anecdotal information and available studies/reviews. While we aim to maintain and display accurate information, we can’t guarantee it represents the latest product formula or information. Therefore, please visit the manufacturer’s website if you have any concerns. Also, the information above does not represent our views here at Same Day Supplements. Instead, these are the manufacturers’ and users’ views and information. Additionally, the Food and Drug Administration has not evaluated these statements. Finally, these products aim not to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent disease or illness.
